Random Puzzles 

Workings

Hint
One of the words end in K. Remember that a skunk isn't a reptile, or an amphibian.

Answers
-r-g       = frog -o-t-i-e   = tortoise -n-k-      = snake -e-t       = newt -i-a-d     = lizard -r-c-d-l-  = crocodile -a-a-a-d-r = salamander -u-t-e     = turtle -k-n-      = skink a-l-g-t-r  = alligator

Workings

Hint
Try working backwards.

Answer
120 miles.

Reasoning
I now have 5 miles left to travel, so I must have travelled 5 miles yesterday.

At the end of Day 3, I had 10 miles left to travel, so I must have had 40 miles left at the start of the Day 3.

At the end of Day 2, I had 40 miles left to travel, so I must have had 60 miles left at the start of the Day 2.

At the end of Day 1, I had 60 miles left to travel, so I must have had 120 miles left at the start of the Day 1.

Double-Checking
On the Day 1, I travelled 60 miles, leaving 60 miles.

On Day 2, I travelled 20 miles, leaving 40 miles.

On Day 3, I travelled 30 miles, leaving 10 miles.

Yesterday, I travelled 5 miles, leaving 5 miles.

Workings

Hint
The first letter can only be B.

Answer
A badger.

Reasoning
My first is in bridge, but not in ridge = B

My second is in awake, and in mistake = A K E

My third is in danger, but not in ranger = D

My fourth is in strange, and in orange = R A N G E

My fifth is in spline, and in nine = I N E

My last is in river, and in diver = R I V E

Workings

Hint
Start by filling the 7 gallon container.

Answer
Here are the contents of the containers after each stage:
A  B
0  7    fill B
3  4    fill A from B
0  4    empty A
3  1    fill A from B
0  1    empty A
1  0    fill A from B
1  7    fill B
3  5    fill A from B

This leaves 5 gallons in container B after 8 steps.