Medium Puzzles 

Workings

Hint
Look at Q2 first.

Answer
Q1. d)
Q2. c)
Q3. a)
Q4. b)

Reasoning
Let's look at Q1 first, and check each possible option:

If Q1's answer was a):
...we'll leave checking this for now, because...

If Q1's answer was b):
...we'll leave checking this for now, because...

If Q1's answer was c):
it would reference itself and we'd learn nothing new, and we'd then have to check Q2.

So, let's start with Q2 first instead of Q1.

If Q2's answer was a):
   an immediate contradiction, as Q4 can't be the first answer with a) as we've assumed Q2's answer is a).

If Q2's answer was b):
   an immediate contradiction, as Q2 can't be the first answer with a) as we've assumed Q2's answer is b).

If Q2's answer was c):
   Q3's answer would be a)
   Q1's answer would be d)
   confirming Q2's answer as c)
   leaving Q4's only possible answer as b)
   no contradiction.

If Q2's answer was d):
   Q1's answer would be a)   (*)
   Q3's answer would be c)
   Q4's answer would be d)
   Q1's answer would be b)
   but this contradicts the section marked (*).

Therefore, the only possible answer with no contradiction is when Q2's answer is c).

Workings

Hint
In order, the added letters spell TELESCOPE.

Answers
The added letters spell TELESCOPE.
HERB + T becomes BERTH BANG + E becomes BEGAN KEEN + L becomes KNEEL SUIT + E becomes SUITE QUAD + S becomes SQUAD WHEY + C becomes CHEWY CELL + O becomes CELLO TOIL + P becomes PILOT WILD + E becomes WIELD

Workings

Hint
The first missing letter is D, giving DineD.

Answer
DENTS.

Workings

Hint
Rewrite the clues so that those who finished ahead are written first.

Answer
Crystal Ball        (CB)
 Justin Time        (JT)
  Inga Hootz        (IH)
   Leigh Vamessage  (LV)
    May Eye         (ME)
     Mike Stup      (MS)
      Laura DeLand  (LD)
       Joe King     (JK)
        Holly Day   (HD)
         Jack Pott  (JP)

Reasoning
If we number the clues, write each name using two letters, and rewrite the clues so that those who finished ahead are written first:

CB beat ME and MS LV beat ME and LD HD, MS, and JT, all beat JP MS, ME, and CB, all beat LD JK beat HD and JP LD and IH both beat JK CB and IH both beat LV JT beat IH CB beat JT JT beat HD and JP ME beat MS and HD LV and IH both beat HD
We can start with the first piece of information given in (1)

By (1): CB ME
By (4): CB ME LD
By (6): CB ME LD JK
By (5): CB ME LD JK HD
By (3): CB ME LD JK HD JP

By (4) and (11): MS and ME both beat LD, but ME beat MS, so we can insert MS to give: CB ME MS LD JK HD JP

And...

By (9): CB JT
By (8): CB JT IH
By (7): CB JT IH LV
By (2): CB JT IH LV ME

We can now insert these to give: CB JT IH LV ME MS LD JK HD JP, and we have found all of the finishing positions.