Puzzle 57
A trout's tail weighs eight pounds.
Its head weighs as much as the tail and one-half of the body combined, and the body weighs as much as the head and tail combined.
What does the whole trout weigh?
Puzzle Copyright © Kevin Stone
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Hint
A little algebra might help.
Answer
64 pounds.
The head weighs 24 pounds, the body weighs 32 pounds, and the tail weighs 8 pounds.
Reasoning
The trout is made up of the head, body and tail, H, B and T.
We are told that:
T = 8
(1) H = T + B ÷ 2
(2) B = H + T
Placing T into (1) and (2) we get:
(3) H = 8 + B ÷ 2
(4) B = H + 8
Using (4) in (3) we get:
H = 8 + B ÷ 2
(5) H = 8 + (H + 8) ÷ 2
Multiplying (5) by 2 we get:
2H = 16 + H + 8
2H = 24 + H
H = 24
Therefore, by (2):
B = H + T
B = 24 + 8
B = 32
Giving:
H = 24
B = 32
T = 8
And a total of 24 + 32 + 8 = 64 pounds.
Puzzle 58
Three builders are laying a brick wall.
Freddie can lay 1,000 bricks in three hours, Jimmy can lay 1,000 bricks in two hours and Kevin can lay 1,000 bricks in six hours.
On average, how long will it take Freddie, Jimmy, and Kevin to lay 1,000 bricks if they all work together?
Puzzle Copyright © Kevin Stone
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Hint
How many bricks are laid in six hours?
Answer
1 hour.
Reasoning
How many bricks are laid in six hours?
In six hours, Kevin lays 1000 bricks, Freddie lays 2000 bricks, and Jimmy lays 3000 bricks.
So, in six hours, we have a total of 6000 bricks laid.
Which means, on average, that it will take one hour to lay 1000 bricks.
Puzzle 59
What is the 10th prime number?
2, 3, 5, 7, …
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Hint
The first nine prime numbers are: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23.
Answer
29.
The first ten prime numbers are: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29.
Puzzle 60
What value of X makes the following correct:
Puzzle Copyright © Kevin Stone
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Hint
The answer is a whole number less than 10.
Answer
3.
Reasoning
We can multiply throughout by 12,
X X X X
- - - + - = -
X 2 4 12
to give:
12 − 6X + 3X = X
12 − 3X = X
12 = 4X
3 = X
As required.
Double-Checking
3 3 3 3
- - - + - = -
3 2 4 12
1 − 1.5 + 0.75 = 0.25
0.25 = 0.25, which confirms that 3 is correct.