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Workings

Hint
The first letters of the words are: C, A, C, B, L, L, P, S, C.

Answers
coagulate = catalogue cavitates = activates bacterial = calibrate balancers = barnacles headlamps = lampshade milestone = lemoniest or limestone telephony = polythene dignifies = signified unnoticed = continued

Workings

Hint
Which dog was first, and which was second?

Answer
# Name     Breed
1 Jamie    Dalmatian
2 Sammy    Alsatian
3 Whitney  Great Dane
4 Jimmy    Poodle

Reasoning
(Clue 1) Jamie was first, and (Clue 3) Sammy the Alsatian was second:
   # Name     Breed
   1 Jamie
   2 Sammy    Alsatian
   3
   4

(Clue 4) Whitney was owned before the poodle, leaving Jimmy last:
   # Name     Breed
   1 Jamie
   2 Sammy    Alsatian
   3 Whitney
   4 Jimmy    Poodle

(Clue 2) the Dalmatian was before the Great Dane:
   # Name     Breed
   1 Jamie    Dalmatian
   2 Sammy    Alsatian
   3 Whitney  Great Dane
   4 Jimmy    Poodle

Workings

Hint
Try this with a real board.

Answer
5 queens are required.

Workings

Hint
A knight moves in the shape of an L, two squares one way, one square the other.

Answer